
This royal bear stood right outside our hotel.

Our first stop this morning was to the Hauptbahnhof (main train station) to store our luggage and grab a quick bite to eat. When the kids saw a McDonald's and Dunkin' Donuts, there was no saying no. The train station, Europe's largest two-level railway station, is huge and sparkling. David commented that we could probably eat off the platform floors they were so clean. We could have spent quite a bit of time wandering through the different levels and checking out the stores, but we had plans.

Next stop, the Berlin Zoo. The Berlin Zoological Garden, which opened in 1844, is the oldest and most internationally well known zoo in Germany. With almost 1,400 different species and around 14,000 animals, the zoo presents the most comprehensive collection of species in the world.

By the end of WWII, the zoo area was completely destroyed and only 91 of 12,000 animals survived. The zoo and its aquarium were then reconstructed on the most modern principles, displaying animals in their natural environment.

Micaela with a memorial to service dogs.

Another great playground.

James and the Giant Peach

Here's almost two-year old Knut, the zoo's most famous resident. Rejected by his mother at birth here at the zoo, Knut was raised by zookeepers. He was the first polar bear cub to survive past infancy at the Berlin Zoo in more than thirty years. But a German tabloid newspaper ran a quote from an animal rights activist who said that Knut should have been killed rather than humiliated by being raised "as a domestic pet." This resulted in worldwide public outrage as fans rallied in support of his being hand-raised by humans. Children protested outside the zoo, and many e-mails and letters expressing sympathy for the cub's life were sent from around the world.

Knut became the center of a mass media phenomenon dubbed "Knutmania" that spanned the globe and quickly spawned numerous toys, media specials, DVDs, and books. It didn't hurt zoo revenue, either.

And a two-time Vanity Fair cover boy, too! But I felt quite sorry for this much bigger and less cute Knut. Less than a month ago, the trainer who raised him from infancy died suddenly, and as Knut paced back and forth in front of us, it seemed to me he was scanning the faces of the crowd. Was he looking for his caretaker?

Wow! A brown bear and wolves sharing the same enclosure? And the bear seems quite content with his situation.

Maybe not after all....Now get out.....

....and stay out!

No explanation needed.

We still had some time, so we hopped on a train and quite by mistake ended up at a Berlin Wall display.

Here on opposite sides of the Wall. These remaining pieces are situated where the Wall once stood.

People reading about the history of the Wall. We tried to explain to the kids as simply as possible what it was, but they weren't quite getting it.

Then, we came upon this photo in the display. David said, "See? People were jumping out of windows, trying to escape to the west at the last minute as the Wall was being built!" James said, "Why jump out of the window? Why didn't they just take the stairs?" We explained that in that moment, taking the extra 3 minutes to take the stairs could have meant the difference between freedom or "captivity," or possibly the difference between life and death. Ahh....they were starting to get it.

You can follow this path, which marks the former location of the Wall throughout the city. Statistics on the number of people killed at the Wall vary. Berlin's privately run Checkpoint Charlie museum puts the toll at 238 and estimates more than 1,000 people were killed at the Wall and in the heavily fortified and mined former East-West German border between 1961 and 1989.
The last person to be shot dead at the Wall was Chris Güffroy, a young East Berliner who decided to try his luck at escaping on
5 February 1989 (!), months before the Wall finally fell. He had wrongly assumed the East German regime had suspended its order to shoot would-be escapers on sight.
Yet Chris Güffroy was not the Wall's final victim. Four weeks later, 33-year-old Winfried Freudenberg died fleeing East Berlin in a gas-filled balloon. Freudenberg's balloon crashed in the West Berlin suburb of Zehlendorf and killed him instantly.

Just a few blocks away was the Holocaust Memorial consisting of 4.7 acres covered with 2,711 concrete slabs arranged in a grid pattern on a sloping field. The slabs (some say representing Jewish graves) vary in height and are designed to produce an uneasy, confusing atmosphere.

The whole sculpture aims to represent a supposedly ordered system that has lost touch with human reason.

Our stroll ended at the Brandenburg Gate. Next to the gate is the new American Embassy that was dedicated this year on July 4th.

And last, but not least, the Ampelmännchen (the little traffic light man). The East Berlin Ampelmann was created in 1961 by traffic psychologist Karl Peglau who theorized that people would respond better to the traffic signals if they were presented by a friendly character, instead of meaningless colored lights.

Following German unification in 1990, there were attempts to standardize all traffic signals to the West German forms, leading to calls to save the East German Ampelmännchen. The protests were successful, and the Ampelmännchen returned to pedestrian crossings, including western districts of Berlin. Some western German cities, such as Saarbrücken or Heidelberg, have since adopted the design.

The Ampelmännchen has become a sort of cultural icon. You can find him on t-shirts, keychains, cookie cutters, ice cube trays, post-its, etc. There's just something about the little guy that puts a smile on your face as you're crossing the street and leaves you feeling disappointed if you get the "normal" light at an intersection.


As a farewell to Berlin, we shared a packet of gummi Ampelmännchen on the train ride home.